Vol. 6, Issue 2, Part B (2024)

Background: Platelet activation and neutrophil count rise during acute inflammation. Additionally, increasing platelet counts promote platelet activation and inflammatory mediator release. This study examined the relationship between the no-reflow phenomena (NR) and the systemic inflammatory index (SII) in acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients following primary percutaneous coronary intervention.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 100 patients with STEMI who underwent primary PCI. Patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 (n=75): thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) III flow post stenting of the culprit artery and group 2 (n=25): NR (TIMI flow 0-2) post stenting of the culprit artery. 
Results: White blood cells, lymphocytes, and aspartate aminotransferase adversely linked with SII. Additionally, SII was positively correlated with neutrophil count, platelets, triglycerides, and left ventricular end-systolic dimension. Post-stent TIMI flow, final TIMI flow, and left ventricular ejection fraction increased significantly in TIMI III flow group compared to NR group Left ventricular end-systolic diameter decreased significantly in TIMI III flow group compared to no reflow group. SII decreased significantly in TIMI III flow group compared to NR. SII, WBCs, and lymphocytes predicted NR patients strongly. NR patients can be predicted by SII with 84.0% sensitivity and 70.7% specificity at a cut-off value of ≥1365.71. 
Conclusions: The levels of SII have been found to be associated with the occurrence of NR in patients who are undergoing primary PCI for acute STEMI. The SII has the potential to function as an autonomous risk stratification index for these patients, exhibiting a sensitivity of 84% and a specificity of 70.7%.