Vol. 5, Issue 2, Part A (2023)

Background: Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a genetic cardiac defect that arises during embryonic development and is characterized by the presence of pulmonary valve regurgitation. The echocardiogram is widely regarded as the preferred diagnostic method for the identification of TOF. The objective of this research was to evaluate the function of the right ventricle (RV) after the surgical correction of TOF.
Methods: A cross-sectional research was conducted on a group of thirty individuals who had undergone surgical correction for TOF. Patients were categorized into two groups: group one: less than ten years after the repair and group two more than or equal to ten years after the repair. Following the surgical treatment of TOF, a comprehensive evaluation of RV systolic function was conducted on all patients using two-dimensional (2D) echocardiography (ECG).
Results: Using variables such as age, RV size, body mass index (BMI), and the distal and proximal diameters of the RV outflow tract, Ring of the lungs, and Pulmonary artery diameters (right and left), Group One had considerably worse myocardial performance index (MPI) than Group two. Palpitation, heart rate (HR), and cardio-thoracic ratio <0.5, RA End systolic area <18 cm² and Inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter <2.1 cm, S wave, fractional area change, and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion TAPSE was significantly elevated in group one than group two. Wide Quality Rating System and Right axis deviation, RA ESA and IVC diameter were significantly higher in group two than in group one. Univariate regression study found that age, cardiothoracic index, RV basal diameter, and RV mid diameter were all significant predictors of RV impairment, but multivariate regression analysis found no such relationship.
Conclusions: Following the surgical repair of individuals diagnosed with TOF for a duration exceeding ten years, there is a notable decline in right RV function. This decline may be evaluated by the use of ECG.